pharmacology
Articles tagged with “pharmacology”

Ketamine and the Opioid System: How Ketamine Interacts with Opioid Receptors
An in-depth exploration of ketamine's interactions with the opioid receptor system, the scientific debate over whether opioid activity contributes to its antidepressant effects, and clinical implications.
Sub-Anesthetic Dose: The Therapeutic Range for Ketamine in Depression
A definition of sub-anesthetic dosing, the low-dose ketamine range used to treat depression, including typical dosages, rationale, and how it differs from anesthetic use.
Racemic Mixture: S-Ketamine and R-Ketamine Enantiomers Explained
A definition of racemic mixture in the context of ketamine therapy, explaining the S and R enantiomers, their different pharmacological profiles, and clinical implications.
Ketamine Tolerance and Sensitization: What the Research Shows
Does ketamine tolerance build with repeated infusions? Research on reset windows, dose escalation, sensitization, and what it means for maintenance dosing.
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