Learn Ketamine Basics
Foundational ketamine explainers covering mechanisms, terminology, clinical use, safety concepts, and how evidence is interpreted.
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3 articles
Ketamine Dosing Explained: Therapeutic Ranges by Route
Learn how ketamine is dosed for depression and pain across IV, sublingual, intranasal, and IM routes, including titration, sub-anesthetic ranges, and safety.
Ketamine and the Opioid System: How Ketamine Interacts with Opioid Receptors
An in-depth exploration of ketamine's interactions with the opioid receptor system, the scientific debate over whether opioid activity contributes to its antidepressant effects, and clinical implications.
Ketamine and Epigenetics: How Ketamine May Alter Gene Expression
An exploration of emerging research on ketamine's epigenetic mechanisms, including histone modification, DNA methylation changes, and how these processes may contribute to lasting antidepressant effects.
Ketamine Dosing Explained: Therapeutic Ranges by Route
Learn how ketamine is dosed for depression and pain across IV, sublingual, intranasal, and IM routes, including titration, sub-anesthetic ranges, and safety.
Ketamine and the Opioid System: How Ketamine Interacts with Opioid Receptors
An in-depth exploration of ketamine's interactions with the opioid receptor system, the scientific debate over whether opioid activity contributes to its antidepressant effects, and clinical implications.
Ketamine and Epigenetics: How Ketamine May Alter Gene Expression
An exploration of emerging research on ketamine's epigenetic mechanisms, including histone modification, DNA methylation changes, and how these processes may contribute to lasting antidepressant effects.
Set and Setting: How Environment Influences Ketamine Therapy Outcomes
How set (mindset) and setting (environment) shape ketamine therapy outcomes, with practical guidance on preparation, music, integration, and session design.
Ketamine and Neuroinflammation: Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms
An exploration of ketamine's anti-inflammatory properties, the link between neuroinflammation and depression, and how these mechanisms contribute to therapeutic effects.
The Default Mode Network and How Ketamine Treats Depression
How the default mode network (DMN) drives rumination in depression and how ketamine disrupts overactive DMN patterns to produce rapid antidepressant effects.
How Much Does Ketamine Therapy Cost? A Complete 2025 Pricing Guide
Ketamine therapy cost in 2026 by format: IV per session, Spravato with and without insurance, compounded oral, at-home programs, and total course pricing.
Ketamine Pharmacology: Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism
Ketamine pharmacology explained: absorption by route, distribution, hepatic metabolism to norketamine, half-life, enantiomers, and clinical dosing implications.
What Is Ketamine? A Complete Introduction to Ketamine Therapy
Learn what ketamine is, how it works, and why it has become a breakthrough treatment for depression, anxiety, and chronic pain.
Ketamine Tolerance and Sensitization: What the Research Shows
Does ketamine tolerance build with repeated infusions? Research on reset windows, dose escalation, sensitization, and what it means for maintenance dosing.
How Ketamine Works: A Detailed Scientific Explanation
How ketamine works in the brain step by step: NMDA blockade, glutamate surge, AMPA activation, BDNF release, mTOR signaling, and rapid new synapse formation.
A Complete History of Ketamine: From Anesthetic to Antidepressant
Ketamine history timeline: 1962 synthesis, Vietnam-era anesthetic, club drug years, the depression discovery, and FDA approval of Spravato — every date.
Understanding Dissociation During Ketamine Treatment
A detailed guide to understanding dissociation during ketamine therapy — what it feels like, why it occurs, its therapeutic significance, and how clinicians manage it.
History of Ketamine
History of ketamine from 1962 synthesis to surgical anesthetic, Vietnam-era field use, club drug years, the depression discovery, and FDA approval of Spravato.